Ultrasonic sonochemical equipment

1.     Introduction to ultrasonic sonochemical equipment:

When ultrasonic waves propagate through a liquid medium, they produce mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, and chemical effects through mechanical action, cavitation, and heat. High-powered ultrasonic waves produce intense cavitation, which creates transient high temperatures, high pressures, vacuum and microjets locally. Chemical extraction, biodiesel production and sonochemical reactions have created a local small environment that is very conducive to the reaction process, which can greatly increase the reaction rate and reduce the reaction conditions.

For biomass extraction, it will cause destruction of plant cell walls and rapid penetration of solvent, so that the extracted active ingredients can be quickly dissolved into the solvent, thereby increasing the extraction rate, shortening the extraction time, and saving the solvent. Ultrasonic processing of biomass resources is a hot spot of research and development in recent years.

Ultrasonic chemical extraction, biodiesel production and sonochemical reaction biomass extraction ranged from 15KHz to 100KHz, with ultrasonic frequencies around 20KHz being common, mainly due to lower ultrasonic frequencies under the same power conditions. More likely to produce cavitation effects.

2.     The working  principle of ultrasonic sonochemical equipment:

The ultrasonic sonochemical equipment consists of two parts: an ultrasonic vibration component and an ultrasonic special drive power source: the ultrasonic vibration component mainly includes a high-power ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic horn, and an ultrasonic tool head for generating ultrasonic vibration, and the vibration energy is directed to Emitted in liquid. The transducer converts the input electrical energy into mechanical energy, ie ultrasonic. Its manifestation is that the transducer moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction, and the amplitude is generally several micrometers.

Such amplitude power density is insufficient and cannot be used directly. The horn is designed to amplify the amplitude, isolate the reaction solution and the ultrasonic transducer, and also serves to fix the entire ultrasonic vibration device. The tool head is connected to the horn, and the horn transmits ultrasonic energy vibration to the tool head, and the ultrasonic energy is emitted from the tool head into the chemical reaction liquid.

Ultrasonic dedicated drive power (ultrasonic generator) includes rectifier circuit, oscillation circuit, amplifier circuit, feedback circuit, tracking circuit, protection circuit, matching circuit, display instrument and so on. It is used to generate high frequency and high power current and drive ultrasonic vibration components to work. The power of the ultrasonic generator is adjustable to suit different operating conditions. A timing controller can also be integrated in the generator to control the ultrasonic vibration time and intermittent time.