1) Principles and characteristics:
Ultrasonic metal welding machine is a process in which metal weldments are connected in a solid state through the action of ultrasonic vibration. It is mainly composed of ultrasonic generator, transducer vibration system, pressure device, time-controlled ultrasonic frequency electric power and electro-acoustic energy conversion, and this energy is input into the welding area; the pressure device provides the pressure required for welding; the time control device includes Automatic control of pre-compression, welding, holding, decompression and interval time.
(2) The mechanism of ultrasonic metal welding is relatively complicated. So far, the mechanism of action is not very clear. It is similar to friction but there are differences; ultrasonic welding time is very short (about 1s), the temperature is lower than the recrystallization temperature; it is also different from pressure, because the added static pressure is much smaller than pressure welding. The currently accepted explanation is that the ultrasonic transducer vibration system produces longitudinal vibration, and the displacement amplitude is amplified and transmitted to the welding tool head to drive the upper weldment to vibrate. This kind of vibration makes the interface between the two parts produce a friction-like effect. This friction can break the oxide film on the metal surface at the initial stage of the ultrasonic welding process, and cause repeated micro-welding and damage to the protruding part of the rough surface. The repeated process of this process makes the contact area close to the atomic gravity. When the distance of action occurs, there will be a metal connection between them, forming a solder joint. The characteristics of ultrasonic metal welding are that it does not need to input current to the workpiece, nor does it need to introduce high temperature heat source to the workpiece, and does not need flux, but it converts vibration energy into friction energy and deformation energy between the workpieces under static pressure. And limited temperature rise, so Jiping has no thermal deformation and no residual stress; it does not require high pre-weld treatment on the surface of the weldment; it is easy to achieve the destruction of dissimilar metals.
It should be noted that if the welding time is too long, or the ultrasonic vibration amplitude is too large, the welding strength will be reduced or even destroyed.
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